MelanomaTaken continuously — no infusion cycle7 effects documented
A powerful two-drug immunotherapy for melanoma. It works by unleashing your immune system, which also means immune-related inflammation is common and can affect many organs (bowel, liver, lungs, skin, and hormone glands). Reporting new symptoms EARLY is the single most important thing — most effects are very treatable with steroids when caught early, though some hormone effects are permanent.
Two immunotherapy drugs together (nivolumab + ipilimumab, IV every 3 weeks for 4 doses, then nivolumab alone). The combination is more effective but has a MUCH higher rate of immune-related side effects than either drug alone — the immune system can inflame almost any organ, at ANY time (even months after stopping). Onset is in weeks-months, not infusion days.
Get help straight away — this is true on any regimen, on any day.
A temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher during treatment can mean a
serious infection while your blood counts are low. Call your team or go to the ER — do not
wait it out.
Also urgent: trouble breathing or chest pain · swelling of the face, lips or throat ·
new confusion or fainting · shaking chills · not being able to keep fluids down.
This is standing guidance shown to everyone. Nothing on this page is based on anything
about you, and nobody is monitoring you.
One of the 7 entries below is marked provisional.
They are shown because leaving them out would be its own distortion, but they have not yet
been checked against the source document by a person, and they are not presented as
authoritative. Every provisional entry is labelled where it appears.
What is reported
This regimen is taken continuously, so effects are described in the terms their sources use rather than by cycle day.
Immune-related colitis / diarrhea
any time; often first 1-3 months
The immune system can inflame the bowel, causing diarrhea, cramping, or blood/mucus in the stool — more common with this combination than with one drug alone. Report new or worsening diarrhea early; untreated it can become serious. It's treated by holding therapy and giving steroids.
Call your team urgently: Diarrhea with blood/mucus, severe cramping, or many extra stools a day — call urgently.
reported by about 25 (colitis); 44 (diarrhea)% of people; severe in 14% · from Nivolumab, Ipilimumab
Immune-related hepatitis (liver inflammation)
any time on/after treatment
The immune system can inflame the liver — notably more often with this combination — usually seen first as rising liver blood tests. Report yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine, or belly pain; your team checks liver bloodwork each cycle.
Call your team urgently: Yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine, or severe belly pain.
reported by about 15% of people; severe in 11% · from Nivolumab, Ipilimumab
Immune-related pneumonitis (lung inflammation)
any time on/after treatment
The immune system can inflame the lungs, causing new or worsening cough, breathlessness, or chest discomfort. Report breathing changes promptly — it's treated by holding therapy and giving steroids.
Call your team urgently: New or worsening breathlessness or cough — contact your team urgently.
reported by about 9% of people; severe in 3.5% · from Nivolumab, Ipilimumab
The immune system commonly affects hormone glands: the thyroid (under- or over-active), and — more often with this combination — the pituitary (hypophysitis) or adrenal glands. Symptoms include marked tiredness, headache, dizziness, or low blood pressure. Several of these (thyroid, pituitary, adrenal) are often PERMANENT and need lifelong hormone replacement. Report severe tiredness, dizziness/fainting, or persistent headache.
Call your team urgently: Fainting, severe weakness, confusion, or a severe headache — seek urgent care.
reported by about 20 (hypothyroid), 9 (hyperthyroid), 9 (hypophysitis), 8 (adrenal)% of people; severe in ~2-3 each% · from Nivolumab, Ipilimumab
Skin reactions (rash, itch, vitiligo)
often early
Rash and itching are common; some people develop patches of lighter skin (vitiligo). Most are mild, but rarely a serious blistering/peeling reaction occurs — report a spreading rash, blisters, or peeling, especially with mouth/eye sores.
Call your team urgently: Blistering, peeling, or a rash with mouth/eye sores — seek urgent care.
reported by about 40 (rash); 33 (itch)% of people; severe in 5% · from Nivolumab, Ipilimumab
New diabetes (type 1)PROVISIONAL
any time; can be abrupt
Uncommonly, the immune system attacks the pancreas, causing new diabetes that can come on quickly (with thirst, frequent urination, and feeling very unwell). It's permanent and needs insulin. Report excessive thirst or frequent urination promptly.
Call your team urgently: Excessive thirst, frequent urination, and feeling very unwell — seek urgent care.
reported by about ~1% (may be higher than single-agent) of people · from Nivolumab, Ipilimumab
Fatigue
Tiredness is common. If it's marked, your team may check for a hormone-gland (thyroid/adrenal) cause.
reported by about 35% of people · from Nivolumab, Ipilimumab
S2. Nivolumab (Opdivo) FDA prescribing information (melanoma combination population) — FDA label
A window appears here only where a retrievable document ties it to a drug in
this regimen. Where nothing could be found, the window was removed rather than estimated —
so a missing time is an honest gap, not an oversight.